Athens Tram

 

Ecologically and environmentally friendly, with a view of the Saronic Gulf, the Tram connects the center of Athens with the coastal neighborhoods Glyfada, in the east, and Piraeus (near Athens Port), in the west. Three station hubs along its routes connect passengers with Metro Lines 2 and 3 and one station connects to the Electric Railway (ISAP), or Metro Line 1. Total waiting time during peak hours is a mere 8 minutes. The Athens Tram operates from Monday to Thursday 5:00am to 00:15am and from Friday to Saturday on a 24-hour basis For more information: www.tramsa.gr
Download: Tram Map

OPA! The Art of Folk Dancing

 

Dancers of this genre will tell you exactly how vibrant this art form is with major competitions held worldwide. Doing its part is Dora Stratou, a well-known, highly regarded Athens-based dance company that refers to itself as a “live dance museum.” Whether you are serious about learning or perhaps perfecting dances that your friends and grandparents may have taught you.

Dora Stratou offers lessons in English as well (in the summer). Of course most dance schools in Athens also teach the most popular dances such as those made famous by movies such as Zorba the Greek, Never of Sunday.

Tip: To get the most out of your folklore experience why not combine a trip to the Folklore Museum. 

Dora Stratou, Scholiou 8, Plaka, GR-10558 Athens, Greece Tel: +30 210 32 44 395, +30 210 32 46 188;  Closed Mondays and August 10-15th; And September 1-15. Performances Daily at Philoppapou Hill at 21:30; Sunday at 20:15 In the summer lessons in Englsh from 19:00-21:00 in Greek, year-round. www.grdance.org

Bus Athens

 

Thermal Buses S.A (ETHEL)

The Ethel buses are the core lines that connect the Athens and Piraeus city center with the centers of surrounding municipalities. The renovation of the core Athens bus system resulted in hundreds of new buses, many of them powered by natural gas. There are several express bus routes to and from Athens International Airport. Thermal Buses run daily from 5:00am to 23:00pm.
For more information: call 185 or +302108836076
The Athens blue bus network consists of more than 320 lines connecting the city center with all the Athens suburbs and with Piraeus. OASA provides information on the best way to reach a destination by dialing 185. Blue buses run daily from 5:00am to 00:15am.
For more information: www.oasa.gr

Trolley or Electric Buses (ILPAP)

The old yellow trolleys of Athens' past have been replaced by cutting-edge purple and yellow trolley buses with digital displays. The trolleybus is just one more means of transport to take you where you want to go in Athens. Trolleybuses run daily from 5:00am to 00:30am.
For more information: call 185 or +302108836076

Intercity Bus Company or Association of Bus Operators (KTEL)

The Greek bus companies, or KTEL, serve destinations outside of Athens and have a dense network throughout Greece. Almost every city and village has a local KTEL with routes to main centers and to Athens. There are two bus terminals: Kifissou 100 serves the Peloponnese +302105124910 and western Greece; The Liossion 260 terminal serves central and northern Greece +302108317109;
For more information: call 1440; www.ktel.org

24-Hour Bus Lines:

1. 500 Piraeus – Kifissia
2. Χ14 Syntagma – Kifissia
3. 040 Piraeus – Syntagma
4. Ano Patissia– Pagrati – Ν. Elvetia
5. Glyfada-Peristeri (Agios Antonios)
6. X93 Kifissos Interurban Station Buses – Athens International Airport Εxpress
7. Χ95 Syntagma – Athens International Airport Εxpress
8. Χ96 Piraeus – Athens International Airport Εxpress
9. Χ97 Dafni Station – Athens International Airport Εxpress

Other Significant Holidays to Enjoy in Athens

 

The pleasant climate and geography of Athens and the Attica region lends itself to the love-of-life lifestyle and character of the Greeks. This “pack-up-the family and/or friends” and lets go!” attitude is big part of living in Greece. Here are some additional holidays that lend themselves to celebrating a unique long weekend.

• March 25th Greek Independence Day and Annunciation Day The celebration of the successful Greek revolution against the Ottoman occupation coincides with the religious holiday of the Annunciation of Mary. Throughout Greece major Independence Day parades are held.
• May 1st (Protomayia) Labour Day - The Feast of Flowers A delightful spring holiday that often allows for day trips near or far. Tradition has it that on this day you collect flowers and create a wreath to decorate your front door. Flower vendors help out with wreaths to buy.
• June-Pentecost Monday – Holiday of the Holy Spirit (Agio Pnevmatos) Depending on Easter, this holiday, (50 days after Easter Sunday) usually falls in early June.
• August 15 -- The Day of the Panagia (Virgin Mary) – One of the most significant of religious holidays that coincides with the busy summer holiday season.

Acropolis - Southern Slope

 

This was the cultural center of ancient Athens, and is considered to be the first example of a complex of buildings dedicated to performances of the arts, whether in Greece or the world.
Theater of Dionysus: The birthplace of tragedy and comedy: this first theater of the Western world was built on the site of a sanctuary of Dionysus. The archaic temple, containing a wooden image of Dionysus, dates from around 540 BC. The classical temple was built and the gold and ivory statue of the god by Alcamenes, sculpted in the 4th century BC.
The theater was built at the end of the 6th century BC around an already existing circular orchestra, which is still (albeit barely) distinguishable among the ruins of the stage. It was on this stage that plays by Aeschylus, Sophocles, Euripides and Aristophanes, which still inspire theatergoers today, had their world premieres.
The stone tiers were built in 333 BC by the orator and politician Lycurgus. The theater could hold a crowd of 17,000 spectators; or 30,000 when the surrounding grounds were filled. The ancient walk, or "peripatos", divided the theater into two parts: the theater proper and the higher "epitheater". Under the Emperor Nero (67 AD), the stage and the orchestra took on the Roman form they maintain to this day. The Phaidros Bema "pulpitum" (platform) was built in the 3rd century AD.
East of the Theater of Dionysus stood the renowned Odeion of Pericles, which is now in ruins. It was built in the 5th century BC using the masts of Persian ships (booty from the Battle of Salamis in 480 BC), and used by the Athenians for musical performances. According to Vitruvius, the Odeion was destroyed by fire in the course of the war between Mithridates and Rome during the assault by Roman general Sulla in 86 BC, and later rebuilt by Ariobarzanes, the King of Cappadocia.
Above the theater, stood the imposing Choregic Monument of Thrasyllus (319 BC). Sometime after Christianity became prevalent, this was transformed into the Church of Panagia Chrysospiliotissa. High above the monument you can still see two Corinthian columns, which were bases for choragic tripods from the Roman period.
The ruins of the ancient Asclepion can be seen west of the theater. This temple was built in 420 BC, dedicated to Asclepios, the god of medicine, and was used as a sanctuary, a clinic, and a medical school.
There were other monuments between the Asclepion and the Herodion but these are now in ruins. They were Hippolytus' tomb, the archaic fountain, and the sanctuaries to Earth Kourotrofos, to Demetra-Chloe, and to Aphrodite Pandemos.
Just under the Asclepion and the Peripatos lie the remains of Eumenes' Stoa, once used by the crowds who came here to see the performances in the theater of Dionysus and, later, in the Odeion. The long two-storey structure was built with a donation by Eumenes II (197-160 BC), King of Pergamum.
Odeion of Herodes Atticus: This building is adjacent to Eumenes' Stoa, and a perfect match for it, although it was built almost four centuries later (in 160-1 AD), by Herodes son of Atticus, in memory of his wife Regilla. The roof that once covered this monumental and luxurious structure was made of cedar wood. The Odeion was burnt down by the Heruli in 267 AD. During the period of Ottoman rule, it was incorporated into the city walls built by Hasekis (1778), along with the Eumenes' Stoa, and formed the impregnable "Serpenze". The Odeion seats 5,000 people and still hosts musical and theatrical performances today.

Athens on a Budget

 

It seems everyone is budget conscious these days. Chic and affordable travel is an option that a city like Athens can afford its visitors. High end luxury is here too. Here are some tips on how to enjoy Athens on a budget without sacrificing pleasure.

• Free Things to Enjoy in Athens
• Eating on a Budget
• Outlet Designer Shopping

Free Things to Enjoy in Athens No matter how much money someone has, free and good is always worth exploring, as you might be surprised just what you can get for your money (or no money for that matter). Free wi-fi access can be found at many of the Flocafe, Starbucks and Costa Coffee (coffee chains) locations throughout Attica, but also at several cafes in general such as Balux Café the House Project on the coast, Chocolat in Thisio, Dell'Arte Café Bar in Gazi, the Amada Café near Syntagma and the upstairs café at the bookstore chain Eleftheroudakis on Panepistimou Street. The airport Eleftherios Venizelos provides free access for a limited time. Several municipalities in Athens offer free wifi in their districts including Syntagma, Technolopolis in Gazi, Thiseio and the malls and shopping centres Golden Hall, The Mall. For a location near you check out www.free-wifi.gr. 
Walking is the best free thing to do in Athens and the temperate climate year-round just adds to it: some routes and places include The National Gardens in Syntagma, the archaeological park, The Unification of Archaeological Sites at the base of the Acropolis, Pedion tou Areos park in the corner of Patission and Alexandras Avenue and hiking or biking on the trails of Mt. Parnitha. Coastal walks are also ideal along the Attica Coastline.


Eating on a budget  Good Greek food is generally not very expensive. Any weekend at the local tavernas in Pireaus, Vari and other areas will pay testament to that fact as you see them packed with patrons enjoying several plates of various Greek specialties. Fast food is always cost-friendly and doesn't have to be unhealthy if you choose something appropriate. Everest the coffee and sandwich chain (www.everest.gr) has sandwiches and is open late; Goody's (www.goodysnet.gr) has pasta, burgers and sandwiches, Gregorys and Coffee light (www.gregorys.gr). Another very late night Athenian thing to do after clubbing (something like eating a Philly cheesteak in the United States) is eating at a Vromiko (loose translation, cool dirty food). One of the most famous is at Plateia Mavili in the district of Abelokipo near some of the watering holes (potadika) nearby. Good souvlaki can be had at several locations in Monastiraki some popular are Thanassis in Monastiraki Square, Savvas www.kebapsavvas.gr; and Bairaktaris at Monastiraki Square; also downtown are Pitta tou Pappou; Pitta Pan www.pitapan.gr and in Kolonaki, Kalamaki.
For an insider's guide we asked some night owl movers and shakers for their favorite good fast food:

Q: What is your favorite street food?
A. The "Vromiko" on Michalakopoulou and Mavili Square
A. Crepes
A. Sandwiches at Everest; cheese pies at Gregory's
A. Koulouria at Street vendors

Q: What is your favorite place to enjoy souvlaki?
A. Agrafa (Exarcheia)
A. Kalamaki in Kolonaki
A. Panerithraikos
A. Pita Pan and Pita tou Papou
A. Jimmy's
A. Zachos in Glyfada
A. Kalyvas in Koukaki
A. Thanasis in Monastiraki

Q: What is your favorite place to enjoy a cheesburger?
A. Aethrion cafe @ the Hilton Athens
A. The James Joyce Pub in Thiseio
A. Grande Bretagne
A. Hooters at The Mall in Marousi
A, Molly Malones in Glyfada
A. McDonald's
A. TGIFridays
A. U-BURGER opposite the CARAVEL hotel in Pagrati
A. Goody's

Outlet designer shopping  There are several stock houses to check out in Athens for discounts on designer labels. Many are found in the district of Nea Smyrni on Eleftherios Venizelos Street (accessible by tram) and others in fashion central Kolonaki and in Koropi near Athens International Airport.  Here is a shopping list of some with racks worth skimming.

Escada Stock (+30 210 363 3509; Tsakalof 33 in Kolonaki) - Clothes from the famous brand with 50% on handbags, shoes and clothes. Greek designer Lakis Gavalas (Ermou and Ag. Asomaton in Thiseio) has samples for sale in addition to many accessories, shoes and bags with up to 50% off at this outlet in the historic centre while his Lakis Gavalas Stock (+30 210 282 5232; Rimini 18 in Lykovrissi) has up to 60% off on brands for men and women such as: Dolce & Gabbana, Cacharel and Moschino. Fokas Stock Center (Ermou 100, 14th km on National Road Athinon - Lamias: +30 210-325 7770) offers up to 60% off on casual clothes of brands such as ESPRIT, D&G, CK, Stefanel, Cacharel. Rakas Outlets: Konstantinoupoleos 35 in Peristeri, +30 210 576 9555, El Venizelou 253 in Nea Smyrni: +30 210 985 4500 offers up to 40% off on brands such as, Pinko, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Diane Von Furstenberg, Vanessa Bruno, Philip Lim and more. If you are lucky, you might find up to 80% off Prada, Helmut Lang at Carouzos a well-known clothing store. Factory Outlet, specializing in discount apparel has two locations: Pireos Street 76, +30 210 48 33 926, and next to Athens International Airport (+30 210 35 41 800). Lost your camera? Plaisio, (+30 210 289 2326) the popular computer and office-supply store has a stock house full of camera, phones, laptops and other technology equipment.

“Traditions” of Athens Daily Life

 

There are so many great things and ways to enjoy life in Athens, a lot, due to the mild climate and love-of-life state of mind. Here are a few things to try to get into a cool “Athens state of mind”…

• Going out for coffee and people watching with our paréa (group of friends) in Kolonaki, Glyfada, Neo Psychiko and Thiseio
• Dining al frésco year round, especially in the winter and fall next to the heated lamps
• Taking day trips on the weekends to nearby isles, beaches and mountains
• Enjoying Sunday afternoon mezé in Pireaus or Avvyssinia Square
• Walking in Plaka
• Leisurely walks in Paleo Faliro on the stretch between Flisvos Marina and Alimos Marina
• Enjoy outdoor cinema in the summer
• Cocktails at one of the many hotel rooftop bars in the city centre
• Biking in Parnitha
• Taking the metro and other means of mass transit
• Saturday afternoon happy hour in Kolonaki
• Making the most of Tri-imera (three-day weekends) of which there are quite a few during the calendar year, especially in the spring and summer.

Lent, Carnival and Easter in Athens

Tradition and religion go hand in hand. And in Athens, you don’t have to be of a particular religion to partake in the many colorful and delicious traditions that accompany Greek Orthodox Easter. From the special Lenten and Easter dishes, masquerade parties and sweets and festive family and friend gatherings, there are ways to enjoy this time without even being Greek.



Here are some tips on what to do when in Athens during Lent and Easter:

• Pick a costume or a fancy mask and attend a masquerade party. The pre-season Easter celebrations begin about two months prior with Carnival, Mardi Gras Apokria*. Many bars and clubs host parties during Carnival time. Elaborate street parades take place in several of Athens’ squares, the most festive in Plaka and the municipality of Mochato. The roots of the Greek Carnival costumes can be traced back to the wine God Dionysus. In the past, the festive atmosphere was created by groups of masqueraded people who roamed the streets at night, singing satirical songs.

• Go fly a kite. The Monday after the big Carnival on Sunday is Clean Monday or Ash Monday the first day of Lent and is characterized by the tradition of flying kites.

• Enjoy the feast before the fast. The lent inauguration celebrations also feature a special annual menu of meatless dishes namely octopus, squid, shrimp, lagana (yeastless bread), fish roe dip tarama, semolina sweet, halva olives, pickled vegetables and other meat-free dishes.

• Attend or view the Epitaph procession in Plaka, where the candle-holding faithful come together from neighbouring churches to create a winding path of light on Good Friday.

• Enjoy a traditional Greek Easter Meal. If you have friends and they invite you, be sure to go. After midnight mass on Holy Saturday try the traditional magerista soup and try your luck in the traditional egg-cracking tradition*. Each person hits the dyed red hard-boiled egg of the other to see whose is the strongest.

• Try some traditional Easter sweets Intoxicating aromas of traditional Easter foods emanate from local bakeries and homes and fill the spring air. Must-try: Tsoureki (sweet easter bread); The cookies: melomakarona; kourabiedes; koulouria. 

• Partake in the tradition of roasting of the lamb on the spit

• Dance. This is the time to put those folklore dancing lessons to work. Traditional dances known as dimotika (think Zorba the Greek and traditional Greek circle dancing popular at weddings) are often perfect after a bit of wine.

Apokria* -- the abstaining of meat Egg-cracking tradition* -- symbolizes the cracking of Christ from the Tomb on the Resurrection

Kerameikos

 

This was the official cemetery of ancient Athens from the 11th century BC until the 2nd century AD. The area derived its name from the existence of many pottery or ceramic workshops around it.
The walls of ancient Athens: Here, one can still see the lithologimata, three consecutive rows of stones that date from classical times.

Kerameikos Gates - Holy Gate, Dipylon: The Kerameikos Gates were the official entrances to this side of ancient Athens. These gates divided the area into inner and outer Kerameikos, where the tombs were situated. The Iera Odos, or Sacred Road, which led to the Shrine of Demeter in Eleusis, began at the Holy Gate. The procession in the direction of the Acropolis during the Great Panathenaic Festival used to begin at the Dipylon Gate.
The Dipylon was the largest gate of the ancient Greek world; its large size being useful for strategic and religious reasons alike. The road to Kerameikos began outside the Dipylon, commencing in a square for ceremonies (such as gatherings, sacrifices and athletic competitions) in honor of the dead who were being buried in the nearby Public Memorial.

Street of the Kerameikos: Just outside the Dipylon gate began the imposing Street of the Kerameikos, the so-called "Road to the Academy" that led to the most beautiful of the suburbs. It was here that Plato founded his school. The street was 39 m wide and 1.5 km long, and the sides of the road were lined with the graves of prominent Athenians. On the left of the ancient Street of the Kerameikos, one could see the brightest of all monuments, the Public Memorial or Polyandreion that contained the graves of those Athenians that had died at war, who had been cremated at public cost. According to Thucydides, it was here that Pericles made his famous Epitaphios speech to honor the first victims of the Peloponnesian War.
In inner Kerameikos, inside the wall, stood the Pompeion, a structure used for the preparation of festival processions, built in three phases (400 BC; 2nd century AD; and 4th century AD). At the entrance stood an impressive propylaeum and, in front of this, a spacious plaza. Every four years, the Panathenaic procession began here.

Kerameikos Museum: This houses a large and varied collection of burial vessels that date from the 11th century BC (Sub-Mycenaean period) until the 2nd century AD (Roman era), and grave offerings from various periods. The following items are indicative of the exhibits: an iron sword, the oldest found in Greece (1025 BC); unique archaic pots bearing designs of roosters, lotus flowers, and mourners of the ancient period; lekythi, a type of pot used to hold perfume for the departed; a small lead box; a statuette bearing an inscription with curses c. 400 BC; a case for sympathetic magic; archaic marble tomb plaques with emotive inscriptions; and the burial stele of Dexileos (394-393 BC). Special mention should also be made of the recently discovered Kouros (male figure) of the Sacred Gate (c. 600 BC), a great work that is thought to be the work of the master sculptor of the Dipylon Gate.

Athens for Students

 

 

Athens is a great place to study and is often a destination for many study abroad programs. The reasons are simple: understanding the history, mythology, and art of ancient and modern Greece is best developed at the source. Students should immerse themselves in the museums, galleries and educational programs that bring the past to life. 

Additional relevant information for students planning a trip to Athens:
Youth Hostels downtown. While most academic institutions provide housing, there are some fine youth hostels downtown that cater to this market. Here is a list of some worth checking out: (contact each venue for rates and availability)

Athenstyle (www.athenstyle.com, +30 210 322 5010) Youth hostel at the base of the Acropolis in the vicinity of Psiri, with a view of the Acropolis and a rooftop to enjoy it, right next door and managed by the same group is Soph & Chris Northern Backpackers (www.athenstyle.com).

 

Fivos and Dioskouros hostels (www.hotelfivos.gr, +30 210 - 322 6657 (Fivos) +30 210 - 3248165 (Dioskouros). Located in Monastiraki, just 40 metres from the metro station.

 

Students & Travellers Inn (+30 210 32 44 808 or 210 32 48 802) Located in Plaka, one of the best places to visit in Athens (on the popular and taverna-lined Kydathineon) The Students Inn is in the heart of Plaka - on one of the oldest streets of Athens lined with tavernas, bars, and markets.

 

Pagration Youth Hostel (+30 210 7519530, y-hostels@otenet.gr 75 Damareos Str., Pagrati 116 33 Athens) Close to the center in the pleasant neighborhood of Pagrati is the family-run and , one of the founding members of the Greek Youth Hostel Organization.

Wi-Fi Hotspots.  Free wi-fi access can be found at many of the Flocafe, Starbucks and Costa Coffee (coffee chains) locations throughout Attica, but also at several cafes in general such as Balux Café the House Project on the coast, Chocolat in Thisio, Dell'Arte Café Bar in Gazi, the Amada Café near Sintagma and the upstairs café at the bookstore chain Eleftheroudakis on Panepistimou Street. Athens International Airport, Eleftherios Venizelos provides free access for a limited time Several municipalities in Athens offer free wifi in their districts including Sintagma, Kotzia sq., Technolopolis in Gazi, Thisio and the malls and shopping centres Golden Hall, The Mall. For a location near you check out www.free-wifi.gr.

Athens for Nature Lovers

 

Sound nature and a sound environment is an issue of surmount importance to all. And we do not have to be coined nature lovers to appreciate the strides that are being done in this area. Despite Athens’ distinct urban landscape, it does offer nature lovers areas to explore some within the city and others not too far away. There are nature trails and tour operators that can help guide you. Here are some nature-oriented activities and places to visit for a “green Athens” experience.

• Little-known green areas and parks in Athens
• “Green” –conscious shopping
• Nature-oriented museums and venues and environmental protection initiatives
• Eco-friendly beaches

Little-known green areas and nature parks in and around Athens A visit to the well-known parks of Athens such as The National Gardens in the centre of Athens, can be enriched by a visit to the following:

Diomidis Botanical Garden (www.inbiology.gr/botgarden/botgardenmain.html, +30 210-581 1557; Iera Odos 403, Haidari) The largest botanical garden in the Southeastern Mediterranean region (it covers an area of 170 hectares) features several plant species seldom found in Greece and more than 2.500 plant species from all over the world including those mentioned in ancient Greek mythology, in the Old Testament, and in various myths.

Ecological Park in the northern suburb of Neo Psychiko; (www.oikoparko.cityofnewpsychico.gr , +30 210-677 4206; Stratigou Makrigianni, Neo Psyhiko). A charming park geared to provide entertainment of an educational nature for young children with programmes on ecology and recycling.

Adventure Park; (www.adventure-park.gr, +30 210 339 0985 - National Road Athinon-Lamias, Malakassa). In this thematic leisure park in the forest, near Athens, visitors of all ages can safely zipline from tree to tree up to 15 metres high and practice archery or use a bungee trampoline. The park is open from November to March.

Sounio National Forest Located at the southeastern corner of Attica, 50kms (31 miles) from Athens, it has over 500 different plant varieties many of which are considered rare, local and migratory birds, various mammal species and one of the earth's richest subsoil's with over 100 mineral classifications.

"Green" -conscious shopping There is no guilt when shopping sprees are eco-friendly. Here are some places in downtown Athens in which to indulge your guilty-pleasure shopping therapy ... with a green finger.

U.B.U. (www.ubu.gr; +30 210-324 4081, Kolokotroni 7, Kifissia / Adrianou 83, Plaka) Simply put U.B.U. is short for Used But Useful, a delightful shop featuring objects of art and other items created from recycled material, and designed by artists and architects.

Prasinos Gatos (www.prasinosgatos.gr , +30 6979 178 257, Ippokratous 142, Athens). The "green cat" (Greek translation) is a recycling store where people give away items, so that someone else can buy them at a very low price. The surplus is donated to those in need.

Rubberize (www.rubberize.gr, +30 210-383 2145, Ippokratous, Exarheia)

The new theory of upcycling (converting useless products into new materials) inspires the fashion here which uses materials such as inner tubes, old plugs, screws and chains to create unique bags, wallets, belts and jewels.

The Earth Collection (www.theearthcollection.com,+ 30 210-323 6863; Ermou 8, Syntagma / Adrianou 109, Plaka / B. Paleologou 7, Plaka)

The Athens outpost of this international brand claims to attract fashionistas with ecological concerns.

Eco-bookstore Living Green; (www.livingreen.gr, +30 210-382 7278,
Harilaou Trikoupi & Navarinou, Exarheia) A store combining ecology and garden books with products such as green beauty products, eco-gadgets for the garden, green accessories for pets, bags from recycled material and green detergents.

Lena's (+30 210-324 1360, Nikis 1, Syntagma) A bio-market with organic fast food and products.

Petite Fleur (+30 210-681 4825 Omirou 44, Kolonaki / Ag. Nikolaou Square, Halandri) The only products that enter this kitchen are certified as biological, including Balhrona chocolate, milk and coffee, bio-beers and wines, fresh juices and salads.

Nature-oriented museums and venues  While you are here you may want to get involved or seek out some of the interesting environmental protection organizations geared at protecting wildlife in the Mediterranean ecosystem. Archelon (www.archelon.gr) in Glyfada focuses on the sea turtle; Mom/The Hellenic Society for the Study and Protection of the Mediterranean Monk seal ( www.mom.gr, +30 210-522 2888) and Angels of Seas (www.angelsofseas.gr) studies the dolphins in the area.
For more conventional science and nature-oriented museums and venues check out: Hellenic Cosmos; The New Digital Planetarium-Eugenides Foundation; the Goulandris Museum of Natural History and Gaia centre; and that Attica Zoological Park.



Eco-friendly Beaches  The Blue Flag is an exclusive eco-label, awarded to beaches and marinas that meet strict criteria, regarding cleanliness of the sea and the coast, good organization and safety, as well as the protection of the coastal environment. The following beaches were awarded with Blue Flags can be found:
In the Municipality Marathona at Schinias/Karavi beaches; in the Municipality Neas Makris at Brexiza beach; Municipality Markopoulou at Avlaki; in the Municipality Lavreotikis at Pounta Zeza in the Municipality Anavyssou at Mavro Lithari/Eden Beach and Anavyssos/Kendriki; in the Municipality Kalyvion at Lagonissi 1-3; in the Municipality Varis at Varkiza; in the Municipality Vouliagmenis at Asteras Vouliagmenis; in the Municipality Voulas at Voula A and in the Municipality Kythiron at Kakia Lagada.

Christmas in Athens

 

Athens is a special Christmas destination, as it continually becomes more exciting and spectacular each year. Christmas in Athens showcases an elaborate list of “winter wonderlands” that young and old anticipate and enjoy. Towering Christmas trees, holiday performances, ice-skating rinks, jolly Santas, magically-lit boulevards, and ornate department store displays begin in mid-November and last through early January.
Some of the major attractions and mega Christmas productions include the City of Athens’ Christmas and New Year’s celebrations at Sintagma Square, Zappeion and Kotzia. Aside from its shopping, Golden Hall Mall in Marousi is becoming a Christmas destination with events for children. The Athens Concert Hall has a wonderful list of holiday performances, as do many of the jazz clubs and other venues throughout the city. Unique is the city’s ability to embrace its nouveau commercial Christmas status while maintaining its heritage. At Flisvos Marina Winter Wonderland, for example, thousands wait as arrives via fleet of sailboats.
Advancements in ice rink technology means that cities with warmer climates can now enjoy this centerpiece as part of their celebrations. Many municipalities throughout Athens offer Christmas events and ice skating rinks at their central squares. Holiday highlights in Athens include the tradition of offering sweets to shoppers. Walk into the most expensive boutique and enjoy traditional Greek Christmas cookies melomakarona, koulouria and kourabiedes. 

Olympieion

 

The Temple of Olympian Zeus was built by the Hellenophile Emperor, Hadrian (117-132 AD). This, the most monumental temple of its time, was dedicated to Zeus, the father of gods. Initially there were 104 columns; of which only fifteen remain standing today, with a sixteenth lying on the ground. There were originally three rows of eight columns each on the east and west sides, and two double rows along the two long sides. The temple was built on the site of other earlier temples, also dedicated to Olympian Zeus. The ancient Athenians considered the shrine to Olympian Zeus as one of the oldest in the city. North of the Olympieion, inside a small park, one can still see the remains of a propylaeum that

Athens for Couples

 

Athens is a city that inspires romance.  Romance, culture, shopping, fine dining, rest and relaxation can all be arranged to best suit you and your partner’s taste. A little bit of touring, a little or a lot of pampering, some fine wine tasting, perhaps a little pool luxury. Here are some fabulous ideas to maximize your couple-time in our romantic city.

• Out-of-this-World Rooftop Romance
• Year-Round: Its-so-Easy Romantic Strolls Along the Beach
• Editor's Pick on Hotpots to Pop the Question
• Lingerie to Tuxedoes, Sexy Shopping in Athens

Out-of-this world rooftop romance  The architectural landscape of Athens – less skyscraper and hi-res building, and more neoclassical, lo-rise structures with balconies and verandas– translates into many homes and business establishments offering wonderfully-designed roof gardens with views onto the city. In fact, enjoying the day’s sunlight and spectacular blue sky and the night’s stars and moon – is one of the great things about living in Athens. Here are some ways to enjoy what we may take for granted: choices for moonlight-filled evenings under the stars and light of the Acropolis. Dinner and drinks with a view of the Acropolis: Some of the cities’ hotel hotspots (listings are alphabetical, please call for opening times and dinner reservations)

Air Lounge at the Fresh Hotel Drinks, salads, pasta, finger food, pool side are offered in this urban designer hotel in the summer. (www.freshotel.gr; +30 210-524 8511).

Atrium Bar & Lounge at the Novus City Hotel (www.novushotel.gr; +30 211-105 3000) Recently refurbished this newcomer hotel in the up-and-coming urban district of Metaxourgeio, offers a hip pop-art décor design to enjoy a summer or winter cocktail.

Electra Roof Garden at the Electra Palace Hotel (www.electrahotels.gr +30 210-337 0096) At the edge of Plaka, the hotel’s restaurant has received high marks for its cuisine.

Galaxy restaurant and bar at the Hilton Hotel (www1.hilton.com; +30 210- 728 1000). For sexy evenings with beats to match, choose the popular Galaxy bar and restaurant. For finger-food service, and dinner, reserve in advance.

Grande Bretagne Roof Garden at the Hotel Grande Bretagne (www.grandebretagne.gr; +30 210-333 0000.) One of the chicest places to Lycabbettus Hill. For a little more luxury, add a dinner reservation, and enjoy its Mediterranean menu.

Le Grand Balcon at the St George Lycabettus Hotel -- (www.sglycabettus.gr +30 210-729 0711) Atop Lycabbetus Hill in the chic neighborhood of Kolonaki, is this winning rooftop bar and restaurant that hosts special D-J music events.

Olive Garden at the Titania Hotel (www.titania.gr; +30 210-383 8511). This well-known chain restaurant at the centre’s Titiania Hotel, takes on a different flair in Athens and not just because of its special olive tree garden, live piano music and gourmet cuisine.

Panorama Pool Bar at the Ledra Marriot Hotel (www.marriott.com +30 210-930 0000).– Strategically located between the center of Athens and the first coastal town of Paleo Faliro, the Marriott’s summer dining venue provides guests with views of the Saronic Gulf and Pireaus.

Premier bar at the Athenaeum InterContinental Hotel (www.ichotelsgroup.com +30 210-920 6000) The summer lounge bar/grill with views is a great place to stop and enjoy a meal after visiting the nearby Eugenides Planetarium.

Socrates bar at the Divani Palace Acropolis Hotel – (www.divani-palaceacropolis.com ;+30 210-928 0100). Live music and Greek and international cuisine are offered to visitors in the summer months.

Tudor Hall at King George II Palace Hotel (www.classicalhotels.com 210-322 2210) Located at Syntagma Square, the hotel’s 7th floor bar and restaurant offers fusion of Greek gourmet and nouvelle cuisine.

There are many, many venues that offer spectacular views onto the Acropolis. Too many to list here. 

Some additional spots noted for their romance are:

The House of Mr Pil-Poul (www.pilpoul.gr +30 210-342 3665) is an elegant French restaurant in Thiseio.

Varoulko Restaurant (www.varoulko.gr; +30 210-522 8400) The fish and seafood dishes of this award-winning restaurant is what all the fuss is about. The view is a bonus treat!

Filistron (www.filistron.com +30 210-346 7554, 342 2897) Also in Thiseio with an emphasis on classic Greek appetizers and dishes is this winner. Roof top terrace has views to Acropolis and Lycabettus Hill.

Edodi in Koukaki (www.edodi.gr; +30 210 9213013), with under ten tables, is for the soft spoken and romantic with adventurous palates.

Year-Round: Its-so-Easy Romantic Strolls Along the Beach  One of the most intimate things to do is take a walk along the beach. In Athens, this is easy for two main reasons: Firstly, because the beaches are close to the centre and easy to get to by tram and, secondly, because the access to the actual sea and sand is easy. No fuss beach access. Get on the tram. Get off the tram. And in less than five minutes, it’s as if you were reliving your first summer love (no matter what time of year). Start/or end your romantic stroll at Flisvos Marina (tram stop: Trocadero). There is no beach here per say (it’s a few stops further down) but the mega-yachts and dining venues here make it the ideal place to begin or end your romantic journey. The easy access beaches close by can be reached at the following tram stops:
And if the beach is not your thing: romantic strolls can also be had up or down Lycabettus Hill, at the base of the Acropolis, and in Plaka.
Top-10 Romantic Spots in Athens We asked a group of thirty-something Athenians to divulge their favorite romantic spot:
Top-10 Romantic Spots in Athens We asked a group of thirty-something Athenians to divulge their favorite romantic spot:

• Anywhere around the Acropolis at night
• Galaxy Bar at the Hilton Hotel
• Anywhere with an Acropolis view
• A stroll in Thisio
• Cape Sounion and the Temple of Poseidon
• Sunset swimming at the beaches of Kavouri, the town just after Glyfada
• A drink at one of the many bars tucked into Plaka
• A suite at the Hotel Grande Bretagne
• Dinner at seaview restaurant Ithaki and Mister Pil Poul (Acropolis)
• The rock of St. Pavlos at the Acropolis —perfect for the first kiss

Lingerie to tuxedoes, Sexy Shopping in Athens Shopping is a great thing to do with your partner. Reserve some time together or solo to buy him or her something that will add to your romantic Athens experience. Some suggestions follow:

NIBBLE ON WINE & CHEESE Take one night off and dine at your hotel or bungalow. This will give you a chance to explore the wonderful Greek food and wine products. There are several specialty markets downtown. Some well-known liquor stores downtown include Cellier (www.cellier.gr) on Kriezotou Street and Les Connaisseurs (www.lesconnaisseurs.gr; +30 210-723 9195) on Haritos Street. For specialty cheeses and deli items head to La maison du Fromage at Kapsali Street. The supermarkets also offer a wonderful selection of wine and cheeses. The bread shops (known as fournoi or artopoiia) will provide fresh bread, breadsticks and perhaps some cookies. Mastic liqueur available at Mastihashop (www.mastihashop.com) and Masticspa (www.masticspa.com) should also be on your shopping list to try, on ice, and after your meal.

SEXY LINGERIE FOR HIM AND HER Add some spice to your holiday siesta. Surprise him or her with a new sexy piece of lingerie. Some of the shops to check out for him and her: Intimissimi, (+30 210-364 6996 on Voukourestiou in Kolonaki); Calzedonia, (www.calzedonia.gr +30 210-360 5775 on Solonos in Kolonaki,); Hondos Center, www.hondoscenter.gr ; Attica, the Department Store, (www.atticadps.gr +30 211-180 2600 on Panepistimiou Street; Yamamay (www.yamamay.com) ; Aerakis, (www.aerakis.gr on Tsakalof in Kolonaki); and Sine qua non (+30 210-729 2537, Patriarhou Ioakim in Kolonaki).

DIAMONDS ARE A GIRL’S BEST FRIEND No matter what your budget it is, Athens’ jewelry shops offer many options to bring a sweet smile to her face. Several international name brands are here, but why not make it a bit more – destination specific – and choose an item (it can be expensive or not) from a Greek jewelry designer such as Lalaounis. When it comes to jewelry shopping there are many options: Voukourestiou (more expensive); downtown on Pericleous Street and other streets near Ermou Street; in Kifissia; Neo Psychiko and at the malls. Designers include: Fine-Gems Papadopoulos; Vildiridis (www.orovildiridis.gr); Kessaris (www.kessaris.gr); Lalaounis (www.lalaounis.gr); Liana Vourakis; Oxette (www.oxette.gr); Folli Follie (www.follifollie.com); Bulgari; Cartier; and Patseas (www.patseas.gr).

BAGS, SHOES AND OTHER ITEMS FOR HER AND FOR HIM: Have a shoe fetish? Then don’t miss: Tsakiris Mallas, www.tsakirismallas.gr ; Vassilis Zoulias (www.vassiliszoulias.com) Spiliopoulos on Ermou Street Kalogirou, (www.lemonis.gr) Prada, Louis Vuitton, Tod’s, and Gucci, in Kolonaki.

Roman Agora

 

The natural extension of the ancient Greek Agora, built in the second half of the 1st century BC, with donations from Julius Caesar and Augustus. The Agora building (111 x 98 m) had a large rectangular atrium surrounded by stoas, shops, and storerooms. The Ionic peristyle that survives dates from the 2nd century AD. The best preserved sections of the colonnades stand on the southern and eastern sides. The west entrance, known as the Gate of Athena Archegetis is in excellent condition. On the south sides, the remains of a fountain and a stairway that presumably led to an upper floor (maybe to the Agoranomion which supervised the market) are visible. A second propylaeum - of the Ionic order- and a row of shops mark the east side while, on the north, the remains of the Vespasianae (public latrines; 1st century AD) can be seen.
The Roman Agora became even more significant after the terrible destruction of Athens by the Heruli (267 AD), after which many activities of the Ancient Agora were transferred to the Roman Agora.

A Kid-Friendly Weekend in Athens

Travelling with the kids is a great way to see and do things you might normally not do when visiting a city. This adds an added element of adventure, education and fun to your trip. Here are some great places to experience with the kids.  

FRIDAY: Be sure to take the kids to the Acropolis and New Acropolis Museum for a Greek history and mythology up close. There are also two great museums for children located in Plaka the Hellenic Children's Museum and the Museum of Greek Children's Art.
SATURDAY: The technologically advanced facilities here offer an experience that is sure to delight young and old. Visit the Foundation of the Hellenic World and the Eugenides Foundation Planetarium.  On the weekends, families flock to nearby Parko Flisvos and Flisvos Marina for their promenades and playgrounds. The latter also boasts a popular TGIFridays. The tram just outside each, can also take you to a mini-amusement park in Glyfada. Close by and accessible by taxi is Allou Fun Park.
SUNDAY:  If you don't spend the day at the beach, head to the Attica Zoological Park.
Tip: Greece and Athens is a child-friendly city, which means dining with children is in most cases not an issue.

Ancient Agora, Monastiraki

Its befitting that this monument the center of commercial and business life in ancient times would later give rise to the buzzing shopping district that surrounds it today. Of course, Monastiraki does not compare to the milieu of the ancient agora, but it still continues to inspire those who live, work and visit the area.

Your 4th Day in Athens

Perhaps you have decided to extend your stay, or perhaps three days were not enough. Here are some additional places of interest to check out on your 4th Dayt:

INDUSTRIAL AND ARTSY ATHENS.  A modern take on Athens would not be complete without a visit to the districts of Psiri, Gazi and Kerameikos. During the day, Psiri is reminiscent of Athens circa 1950 with small shopkeepers tending to their stores filled with every item you can imagine from lamps, fabrics, coffee kettles, door knobs, electrical supplies and the like. Yet, more and more designers are opening design-related shops and galleries, with wonderful accessories, home furnishings and art. Theatres are also testament to the area's artsy coming of age. At night a nightlife oasis emerges with colorful bars, dance clubs and restaurants clustered around the squares Iroon, Agion Anargiron and Agion Asomaton.

Just next to Psiri is Gazi, the year-round dining and nightlife destination of choice thanks also to the Kerameikos metro station and obvious Technopolis. Just off Pireos street, this cultural multi-complex housed in the city's former gas factory, with its highly visible industrial towers, is a symbol of the transformation of this area. The National School of Dramatic Arts, The Gallery of the Municipality of Athens, and the School of Fine Arts are here as is the Benaki Museum Pireos Annex and Foundation of the Hellenic World. Opposite Gazi is Kerameikos, the site of the ancient burial grounds, and home also now to many trendy restaurants. 

DON'T LEAVE WITHOUT: Trying a koulouri (wreath shaped soft sesame bread stick); taking a moment to gaze at the illuminated Parthenon; trying a product and/or liquor with mastic; taking the tram to the Attica coastline; visiting the Foundation of the Hellenic World.

City Centre in Athens

 

Easy access to archaeological sites. Walking distance to thousands of years of history, fabulous shopping, dining and cosmopolitan nightlife. Rooms with a view of the Acropolis. Exclusive spa treatments. Affordable or expensive, always charming and each unique. The list of accommodations in the centre of Athens offers a place to stay for every taste and

Plaka district in Athens

 

With its undisputable charm, this area is one of the most frequented by visitors and natives alike. Plaka's winding pathways carry thousands of years of history. Walk amongst the buildings whose facades are dressed in 19th century neoclassical design and architecture. Dine at one or several of its restaurants. And explore the ancient monuments, contemporary museums and traditional souvenir

Top 10 Must-Do in Athens

Athens, part of the greater Attica region, is a city that is made up of multiple and unique districts, all of which offer major attractions and interesting places that should be on any visitor’s must visit or to-do list. Here are just some of the things we suggest you check out to best experience one of Europe’s most historic, culturally-rich and breathtakingly beautiful urban cosmopolitan cities.

 

 

Visit... 

the historical and archaeological monuments and sites that abound. History unfolds with every step in Athens, from the Parthenon atop the Acropolis, to the Temple of Poseidon at Cape Sounion on the tip of Attica. The list of monuments is long and impressive and offers a surreal window into Athens' past and present. Highlights include: The Ancient Theatre of Dionysus, the Odeon of Herodes Atticus, Hadrian's Arch, The Temple of Olympian Zeus, The Ancient Agora, The Roman Agora, Kerameikos, the Tower of the Winds, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and Panathenaic Stadium.

Get inspired ...

at the city’s myriad of fascinating museums, galleries and exhibits contemporary and classic. Don’t miss the chance to visit one of history’s latest architectural achievements: the New Acropolis Museum and the massive collection of works at the equally impressive National Archaeological Museum. The cutting edge industrial landscape of The City of Athens’ Technopolis ushered a new era in Athens’ progressive cultural identity.

Discover ... 

the flourishing mosaic of Athens’ art & culture scene. The rich classical tradition of art in Athens has moved on fast forward in recent years with an amazing roster of talent -- year after year – apparent in the permanent and temporary music festivals, art exhibits, fairs and theatre and dance performances that warrant the attention of lovers of the arts and not only.

Sightsee, dine and souvenir shop ... 

around Athens’ Historic Centre: Plaka, Monastiraki, Thiseio, Anafiotika and Makriyianni. Put on comfortable shoes and walk past … and present Athens. These districts -- each with a distinct history and charm worth exploring -- hinge the sacred rock of the Acropolis and make up what is known as the Historic Centre. Much of the accommodation in this area offers views of and easy access to the Acropolis and the surrounding Unification of Archaeological Sites, one of the largest archeological parks.

Eat and Drink

Indulge in Athens’ vibrant, multi-cultural and award-winning food and beverage scene. Certainly one of the best ways to experience a city’s culture is by eating and dining as the locals do. And like the world’s leading food meccas, Athens and the Attica region offers a cornucopia of choices for every palate and budget. If its top-notch and Michelin-star dining venues that are more your style, all-star classics such as Spondi, Varoulko, Edodi, Milos and Aneton are just some of the venues that will impress even the most difficult of critics.

Take in the Athens Skyline

Day or night .  A must when visiting any city is to see it from above. Athens is no different, except that here, you don’t need to venture too high to appreciate the vast landscape of illuminated monuments atop Lycabettus Hill, the Acropolis; prominent mountains: Ymittos, Parnitha; or the surrounding seas and isles of the Argosaronic Gulf. The top of many of Athens’ hotels, restaurants and hills is height enough to give you a breathtaking view of one of the world’s most ancient civilizations and buzzing cities.

Go the the beach!

Head to the Attica Coastline. Little known fact: Athens is more than just the Acropolis. Hands down, this city with its vibrant urban landscape boasts some of the best beaches and seaside destinations in the world and boasts a Riviera just 30 minutes away from its heart. Begin by gazing at the luxurious yachts docked at Flisvos Marina, the mega yacht marina with shops and dining venues in the town of Paleo Faliro; enjoy a light salad, burger or cool drink dockside at Marina Alimou just a few tram stops away.

Experience Two Fantastic Venues

The New Digital Planetarium of the Eugenides Foundation and the Foundation of the Hellenic World. One of the largest, most advanced digital planetariums in the world is in Athens. Perfect for the curious young and old. Highlights include an ultra-modern projection hall with specially-designed inclined seating and huge semi-circular dome for wide-screen film screenings. Interactive and digitally-advanced technology exhibit Hellenic culture at the Hellenic Cosmos Cultural Centre of the Foundation of the Hellenic World in a series of virtual reality programs that take you back to Ancient Greece with a touch of a button.

Trek, Hike and Bike!

Take it outdoors. This is the best time of year to enjoy a hike or a bike ride. Bike rentals and tours are offered by Acropolis Bikes, Athens by Bike, Pame Volta and Bicycle Greece. The closest and quickest route for amateurs and novices (with a spectacular view of the city) is the 2.5 km (or 1.5 mile) track that circumvents Lycabettus Hill. More experienced trekkers, head just 30 kilometers (20 miles) outside of Athens to Mount Parnitha, the largest of the three mountains in Attica.

Get Out ... to Gazi 

NIghtlife at its best. A modern take on Athens would not be complete without a visit to this district. Extending between Pireos Street and Konstantinoupoleos it is trademarked by the towering power plant of Technopolis. Reserve one night to enjoy a meal or a drink at one of the many bars, clubs and restaurants that line the streets of this industrial district. Summer or winter, the venues in this area are always filled with patrons of all ages, straight or gay, mainstream or alternative. Popular streets include many Voutadon and Triptolemou. But one step out of the Kerameikos metro station and you are in the centre of all the action.

Acropolis

 

Propylaea: One of the masterpieces of classical architecture. This imposing entrance was designed by the architect Mnesicles and built in 437-432 BC over an earlier propylaea. Mnesicles designed an entrance no less magnificent than that of the temples and other monuments on the Sacred Rock. The Propylaea consists of a main hall and two side wings. The north wing was to house a display of paintings and was named Pinakotheke (Gallery). The outer columns to both east and west are of the Doric order; the internal entrance way is flanked by two high inner colonnades of the Ionic order. The brilliant idea of combining the Doric and Ionic orders lifts the emotions those who enter the Propylaea, giving them a rare aesthetic experience. In the 12th century, the Propylaea became the residence of the Metropolitan Michael Choniatis. During Frankish rule, the whole structure was used as a palace. Additions by the Franks included an extra floor and a high watchtower that was demolished in 1874.

Temple of Athena Nike: A small, elegant, Ionian, amphiprostyle temple, built by the architect Callicrates in 426-421, on an earlier tower of the Mycenaean walls. It was dedicated both to the patron goddess Athena and to the prehistoric goddess Nike, protector of the entrance. In 1686 it was demolished by the Ottomans in view of the forthcoming Venetian attack and the marble pieces were reassembled after 1835. The temple is best viewed from the Propylaea.
Temple of Brauronian Artemis: Situated to the southeast of the Propylaea, this once formed a Π-shaped stoa with ten Doric columns. The temple was used for the cult of goddess Artemis, a cult that originated from Brauron, homeland of Peisistratus, in the mid 6th century BC. Today only traces of its foundations remain.

Chalkotheke: East of the Temple of Brauronian Artemis lies just the base of a lengthy structure that dates to the 5th century BC, and is believed to have been the Chalkotheke, used for storing precious votive gifts, mostly made of metal.
Erechtheum: This temple, begun in Ionian style in 421 BC, dominates the north side of the Sacred Rock. It is complex and elaborate in its structure, and equally complex in its symbolism.
The temple was named after the mythical king Erechtheus, and is often identified with the chthonic deity Erichthonius, and later with Poseidon. Athena and Poseidon played the leading role among the other deities associated with the temple, followed by Hephaestus, Erichthonius' father, and Voutis, Erechtheus' brother, both chthonic deities.
This was also where the "symbols" of the gods were: a well-shaped opening that contained sea-water offered by Poseidon; and an opening in the roof of the north stoa, made by the god's trident. The ancient wooden image of Athena was kept in the Erechtheum, while her sacred olive tree was on its western side.
Particularly interesting is the northern porch with its magnificent entrance and, more generally, its outstanding Ionic decoration from the bases of the columns right up to the ceiling. On the east side there is an impressive series of six Ionic columns crowned by a pediment.
On the south side of the temple lies the porch of the Korai (the original statues are exhibited in the Acropolis Museum). The six Korai (female figures) that support the entablature represent an eternal symbol of the perfection of the female form; they recall a ceremonial procession. The overwhelming charm and ethereal lyricism of the Korai are typical of the elaborate style in sculpture of the last quarter of the 5th century BC. These Korai of the Erechtheum were later named Caryatids. The most likely interpretation is that the Korai were identified with the young Caryatids, the ceremonial dancers who bore baskets on their heads in rituals honouring the Caryatid Artemis.
The Erechtheum was badly damaged by fire, probably during the invasion by Sulla (86 BC). Later, in the seventh century AD, it was transformed into a three-aisled basilica, dedicated to the Mother of God. Under Frankish rule it became the seat of administration, and in the period of Ottoman rule, a harem! At the beginning of the 19th century it suffered the attentions of Lord Elgin's men. The recent restoration of the monument was honoured by the award of a special medal by Europa Nostra in 1987.
On the west side of the Erechtheum stood the Pandroseion, dedicated to Pandrosos, daughter of Cecrops.
Parthenon: A public dedication, offered by the Athenians to their patron goddess Athena Parthenos (Athena the Virgin), in thanks for for the city's salvation and Athenian victories in the Persian Wars. It was built as part of Pericles' great construction program and was the ultimate expression of this achievement, showing the Athenian people at their zenith. It was built between 447 and 438 BC.
It is the largest temple of classical antiquity - surrounded by a colonnade with 8 columns on the short sides, and 17 columns on the long sides. It represents the culmination of the development of the Doric order, although here Doric columns are combined with an Ionic frieze around the cella, or central part of the temple. A ratio of 4:9 is repeated in various parts of the temple.
The columns embody the principles of meiosis (diminution) and entasis. Meiosis is the gradual thinning of the diameter of each column as it gets higher. By contrast, entasis is the thickening of each column at about two fifths of its height; thus strengthening of the column so as to hold the weight of the entablature. By using these architectural refinements, the great masters of the Parthenon gave life and mobility to the marble, and displayed how a considerable weight can be held in place by the power of construction.
The ancient Greeks were familiar with the optical effect by which, when seen under the light, a straight line gives the impression of a concave curve. Wanting to counteract this optical illusion, Ictinus and Callicrates applied a slight convex curvature to the center of all horizontal lines on the Parthenon. The curvature ranges from 6 to 17 cm (on the long sides); it begins from the foundations of the temple, and is repeated in the krepis, the entablature, the ceiling, the roof and the ceramic tiling.
The columns, with their entablature slightly curved towards the interior of the temple, stand on the delicately curved horizontal lines, binding the structure together. The corner columns complete the curvature of both colonnades, with the result that all forces counterbalance each other, thus achieving perfect harmony and symmetry. The convexity and all other deviations, known as "refinements", contribute to the monument's high aesthetic appeal.
Inside the temple stood the gold and ivory statue of Athena by the sculptor Pheidias, which has unfortunately been lost. The patron goddess of Athens was depicted in full armor, yet peaceful, and at the same time both supernatural and human.
The metopes depicted battles: between gods and giants on the east side; between Greeks and centaurs on the south; between Greeks and Amazons on the west; and the capture of Troy on the north. The pediment on the east side is the earlier and shows the birth of Athena. The central figures were lost in the early Christian period. The western pediment is technically more advanced; it shows Athena's contest with Poseidon. When Morosini attempted to remove the marvelous central figures and take them to Venice, they were broken into fragments. The best preserved parts of the pediments can be seen today in the British Museum in London. Some fragments and a unique complex (probably of Cecrops and Pandrosos) are displayed in the Acropolis Museum. The pedimental sculptures were sculpted in the round, and represent some of the finest works ever created by the human hand.
The outer wall of the calla was decorated with an Ionian frieze of unparalleled quality that represented the magnificent Panathenaic procession: mortals and immortals together as idealized figures, processing on horse or on foot, honoring the city and lauding democratic Athens. The frieze of the Parthenon is considered to be one of the greatest moments in the history of art and of human civilization.
In late antiquity the Parthenon was damaged by fire, probably from the Heruli (267 AD). In the 6th century it was transformed into a Christian church. During Frankish rule (1205-1456) it became the Catholic church of the Virgin and later it was converted into a mosque, until the great explosion caused by Morosini (1687). At the beginning of the 19th century it was divested of its sculptures by the British diplomat Lord Elgin. The restoration of the Parthenon, which began in the 1980s, is proceeding in accordance with the highest international standards, as is appropriate to a unique monument of the world's cultural heritage.

Peripatos: Since antiquity, this has been the name for the path that runs around the Acropolis Hill. It was five stadia and eight feet (900-930 meters) long.
The beginning of the path was at the junction with the Panathenaic Way. The path continued through the ancient shrines on the slopes of the Sacred Rock, cut the Theater of Dionysus into two parts (the theater and the epitheater), passed in front of the Asclepion, and ended on the uphill path that led to the Acropolis.

A Fabulous Week in Athens

 

"I would love to spend a day in Athens like a tourist!  

With no cares, just wandering all around." - Laura, travel professional

You have Athens at your feet for one week. Free to learn, shop, explore, discover, eat, drink and dance the night away, if you feel like it. Here are some suggestions on how we would love to spend our week if we had the free time to enjoy it without a care ...

MONDAY: Sightsee walk around Sintagma; take a walk around Kolonaki and Voukourestiou Streets; in the evening enjoy a cocktail at one of the square's hotel rooftop bars or take the cable car up to Lycabettus Hill. 

Tip: Stores (except for malls and department stores) are open today until 15:30.

TUESDAY: Explore the historic centre and the Acropolis. Visit the New Acropolis Museum. Walk, eat and shop around Plaka, Thisio and Monastiraki.

Tip: Stores are open today until 21:00.

WEDNESDAY: Take a breather from the city and head to the Attica Coastline and/or Sounion.

Tip: Stores (except for malls and department stores) today are open until 15:30.

THURSDAY: Visit the National Archaeological Museum, or museum hop along Vassilissis Sofias Ave., relax with a leisurely stroll through the National Gardens, enjoy a light lunch at one if the museum cafes.

Tip: Stores are open today until 20:30.

FRIDAT: Visit the industrial and artsy part of Athens: Gazi, Kerameikos and Psiri. Take in a virtual reality show at the Foundation of the Hellenic World, check out the latest contemporary exhibit at the Benaki Museum Pireos Annex. And in the evening, enjoy one the many nightlife and dining options in Gazi and/or Psiri.

Tip: Stores today are open until 20:30.

SATURDAY: Saturdays were made for shopping. We could spend the entire day at the malls in Marousi and stores in Kifissia trying on dozens of outfits for a night out on the town which, in the summer, is likely to be somewhere on the coastline and, in the winter, in Gazi or Kolonaki.

SUNDAY: After a leisurely morning coffee in Kolonaki square, we like to head out to the Monastiraki flea market for some fine antique browsing and shopping, keeping in mind that afterwards we plan to join our friends for a long Greek lunch nearby in Avissinia Square or in Microlimano or Marina Zeas in Pireaus.

International tastes in Athens

The concept of ethnic cuisine - which sprung up mostly at first in the multicultural pockets near Omonia Square -- has recently entered the Athenian gastronomic scene. Many small Athens restaurants serving African, Asian, Indian and Middle Eastern food are welcome additions to the already vast choices of traditionally available cuisines (Italian, French, German etc.) throughout Athens and its suburbs.

 

Three Days in Athens

 

Spending three full days is a great way to begin feeling part of the city. The following recommendations should provide tips on how to experience the best of Athens.

Day 1

SPEND TIME EXPLORING THE HISTORIC CENTRE AND THE SITES ON AND AROUND THE ACROPOLIS. We recommend dedicating your first day to exploring - but in a bit more detail -- the historic city centre (namely the Acropolis, Plaka, Monastiraki and Thisio) during the day and saving Psiri and Gazi for evening exploration.

For starters go to the Acropolis first. Take Dionissiou Areopagitou, the pedestrian-only street that begins opposite Hadrian's Gate and the Ancient Temple of Olympian Zeus and peruse the sites that greet you on your way to the Propylaia, the main entrance to the Acropolis and its main attraction, The Parthenon.

Another "must" is to visit the new Acropolis Museum. Then explore the charming paved streets of Plaka and the Cycladic-inspired area known as Anafiotika. Browse the ancient Roman, Byzantine and Ottoman monuments and museums such as the Ancient Agora and Roman Agora.

If you have children, two of-interest destinations are The Hellenic Children's Museum and The Museum of Greek Children's Art.  

Plaka is one of the livelier places to eat and enjoy traditional Greek culture year-round. Stop at one of the many little restaurants and tavernas. After lunch, head towards Monastiraki and Thisio for must-take-home souvenirs, unique shopping and additional sightseeing. Your evening experience in Psiri and Gazi offers the choice off many cafes and restaurants. Popular destination dining streets in Gazi include Konstantinopoleos, Voutadon and Triptolemou Streets, while in Psiri, Sarri and Lepenidou Streets are popular.

Day 2

SIGHTSEE AND SHOP NEAR SINTAGMA; DISCOVER VIBRANT DOWNTOWN ATHENS. One of the best ways to experience and learn about a city is, of course, to walk and "hang out" with the locals and natives. As you will discover, Athens' rich past is very much a part of contemporary daily urban life - far beyond the ever present might of the commanding Parthenon above.

Start at Sintagma Square the heart of Athens. This area and the streets that extend from its main square offer a lot for the contemporary traveller. Take a few minutes to check out the Syntagma Square Metro Station, one of the many Attiko Metro "museums in motion" that feature both ancient and modern art. Surrounding the square are several of Athens historic buildings that house some of the well-known hotel properties: The Grande Bretagne and King George are here. Sintagma is also where several well-known Athenian streets and boulevards begin and intersect.

Take today to explore the shops, department stores and restaurants. Take a photo with Presidential Guards at the Parliament building at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier and take a walk through green oasis, The National Gardens and enjoy a coffee inside the lush Zappeion Gardens. Magnificent museums, the Benaki Museum and the Museum of Cylcadic Art are nearby. Both feature wonderful cafes.

Continue to the chic neighborhood of Kolonaki, at the foot of Lycabettus Hill, and its shop-filled streets: Skoufa, Tsakalof, Haritos and Patriarchou Ioakim. Before stopping into one of the many cafes and restaurants, take a moment to view the beautiful iconography inside the church St. Dionysius Areopagite. Top off your evening with a view of the sunset atop Lycabettus Hill (a cable car is available to help with the trek up) and finish off with a gourmet or casual dinner at one of the many restaurants in the area. Also of interest and nearby are the neighborhoods Hilton, Pagrati and  Mets all with a great list of dining venues.

P.S.! When in Athens .... Like many natives do, stop at one of the many outdoor vendors to buy a koulouri, a type of soft wreath-shaped sesame bread stick.

Day 3

THIRD DAY IS THE CHARM: A DAY ON THE ATTICA COASTLINE. Once you have seen how close the coast is to the centre of Athens, you may regret not having come here first. Buses, tram and taxi will get you to the first stop in less than 30 minutes. If it's warm, pack your swimming suit, hat and sunglasses as you might be tempted to take a dip in one of the many beaches that await your tour.

Dress casual so as to have the option to spend the evening here, on Athens' breathtaking and vibrant south shore. First stop is the neighborhood of Paleo Faliro, home to two "must-visits" the Eugenides Planetarium and Flisvos Marina. The former is accessible by bus or taxi; while the latter also by tram. (If you want to visit both venues take the bus to the Planetarium and then to the marina. Then board the tram to continue your ride further along the coast.)

Destinations with cafes and restaurants that can be enjoyed all year include: Marina Alimos, Parko Flisvos, Edem, Kalamaki. After getting a feel for urban coastal living in Athens, hop back on the tram and head to very popular town of Glyfada. The "alter ego" of downtown's Kolonaki, Glyfada offers a different Athens shopping experience. Wide pedestrian sidewalks with rows and rows of stores and places to eat make for a pleasurable stroll. Stop in any time of day or night and you will be impressed by the number of good-looking people of all ages that live, work and play here. This neighborhood is home to the 18-hole Glyfada Golf Course. If shopping is not your priority and you would prefer to do extend your coastal sightseeing journey, head back to Poseidon Avenue and catch the E22 Express Bus to coastal districts of Voula, Voulgiameni, Varkiza, Anavisso, Lagonissi, Saronida. Another cluster of delightful seaside food establishments can be found in each town. For the best coastal drive, plan ahead and arrange a day trip to Cape Sounion site of the Temple of Poseidon.